Monday, August 24, 2020

10 Argumentative Essay Topics on Confucianism

10 Argumentative Essay Topics on Confucianism On the off chance that you are composing a factious paper on Confucianism, at that point you should guarantee that every contention or guarantee you make is upheld with proof. This is best done by having realities, accounts, or measurements to support you. Obviously, given the multifaceted nature of the point, by and large have proof as stories or accounts from the lessons of the ace or history books about him and Confucianism are adequate. That being stated, beneath is a rundown of captivating realities on Confucianism that you can use for your next composition: Confucianism is a way of thinking that was birthed in China. This way of thinking centers around improving and consummating mankind through educating, just as the development of righteousness and good flawlessness. Judaism is the parent religion of Christianity and is the official confidence of the Jewish individuals. Judaism can be followed back over 3,000 years and is one of the most seasoned monotheistic religions on the planet. Like Islam, Judaism addresses each part of a person’s life, contingent upon their sort of Judaism-transformed, standard, or moderate. Confucianism has antiquated roots to China, yet has been shared across Vietnam, Japan, and Korea who were each intensely impacted by Chinese culture. The belief system was utilized by numerous domains to legitimize their standard all through zones of Eastern Asia. Obviously, the term is likewise one applied to the thought of regard for older folks or to the act of venerating predecessors. The individuals who study the antiquated tests for Confucianism are called â€Å"ru†. The ace of Confucianism was Confucius himself, whose name was really Kong. Kong had numerous discussions with his pupils and included a few truisms through discussions which were united to help bolster direction for the supporters of Confucianism. The content that joins the platitudes from Kong depict him as a guide just as a benefactor for those more youthful guys who needed to serve the administration. These men were regularly situated in the province of Lu, from somewhere in the range of 510 and 479 B.C. It is said that the inquiries these youthful guys had and the appropriate responses they got were what drove the idea of the learning in Confucianism. Actually, it was simply the ace who expressed that he basically cherished learning and that he transmitted insight to others from an earlier time. He additionally expressed that he gained from his understudies in a persistent learning process. This learning procedure was viewed as profound, down to earth, and scholarly. Inside the possibility of Confucianism, learning is a basic advance toward knowing. What's more, when you know, you can do. Furthermore, when you can do, you can appreciate profound satisfaction, something which is really the embodiment of learning. This is the thing that made the persistent procedure of getting the hang of, something which was intended to be an option in contrast to the debasement of influence and riches. The supporters of Confucius, after his passing, endeavored to keep up his learning principles. The ideas of Confucianism upheld the North China Plains warriors. It was expressed that the universe of the spirits and the universe of men are two distinct universes, however shared mediation and correspondence between the two universes was conceivable through prophets or shamans. Warriors of this time needed to utilize conciliatory ceremonies known as li so as to appease the spirits and to keep them from meddling the issues of the men. Preceding Confucius, crystal gazing was utilized as a sign of the development for the spirits. The thoughts and information transmitted by Confucius were written in Zhou writings. The thoughts of Confucianism stayed in Lu until Mencius during 371 to 289 B.C. A change to the decision class occurred when the various states were at war with each other, and with the fringes changing, enrollment occurring, and direct tax collection being executed, researchers were welcomed from around the known regions of the world to help build up the states. During this season of talk is when Mencius got the lessons of the early Confucianism customs and obligations. It was during this notice timeframe that the route among paradise and earth were examined. Truth be told, it was Mencius who expressed that one degree of paradise was for lords and rulers while the other was for honorable men. In 221, the Qin triumph was finished and another political move occurred under the Han supreme principle. The title of sovereign happened to utilize and the ruler was currently observed as an explainer of the universe and the yin and yang. It was guaranteed that every zone of the universe resounded with the progressions that occurred in the others. Little atmosphere, creation, or authoritative approaches identified with greater procedures. The writings of Confucianism were concentrated during this time so as to improve the present comprehension of the paradise, the earth, and human researchers. It was Dong Zhongshu who has given acknowledgment for restoring the Confucianism writings as of now. This period is currently alluded to as â€Å"Han Confucianism†. Five Classics were made dependent on translations of Confucianism. These five works of art were known as the â€Å"new texts† and they supplanted the â€Å"old texts† of Confucianism. This variant of Confucianism spread from China to Korea and Japan. This model reverberated well with numerous families in the two territories however division didn't occur among the royal states until the eleventh century during which time the Western researchers see socio-scholarly patterns emerge among the East Asian adherents, something that prompted the advancement of Neo-Confucianism. Nativists favored the ethical discovering that was instructed in Confucianism and the making of woodblock printing took into account bigger private foundations to create around different convictions, for example, Buddhism and Daoism. It was Zhu Xi who is credited with uniting the patterns of the timespan in his compositions. He concentrated on the new development of cosmology and Confucianism. He likewise investigated the move toward the examination of all things, or the extraordinary discovering that everybody used to accumulate self-development just as world harmony. It was in 1868 that the Japanese chiefs put into impact a national state religion and requested dedication of the Chinese and Korean subjects regarding Confucianism. Conservatives attempted to consolidate current social request and training with Confucianism for the Qing Empire. These realities will be your life float during composing your task. In any case, that’s not everything we can propose: glance through example points on Confucianism and a composing guide on a pugnacious article; they will be incredible associates for your paper composing. References: Cline, Erin M. Equity And Confucianism. Philosophy Compassâ 9.3 (2014): 165-175. Web. Confucius., et al. The Wisdom Of Confucius. New York: Modern Library, 1994. Print. Foust, Mathew A. Confucianism And American Pragmatism. Philosophy Compassâ 10.6 (2015): 369-378. Web. Goldin, Paul Rakita. Confucianism. Durham: Acumen, 2011. Print. Hoobler, Thomas, and Dorothy Hoobler. Confucianism. New York: Facts on File, 1993. Print. Tan, Sor-hoon. Majority rules system In Confucianism. Philosophy Compassâ 7.5 (2012): 293-303. Web. í™ ©Ã¬â€ž ±Ãª ·Å",. The Review Of Integration Possibility About Confucious And Mozis Feature Of Justice And Benefit.â journalofmoralethicseducationâ null.33 (2011): 183-204. Web.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Comparison of UK and German Pension Systems

Examination of UK and German Pension Systems This article examines two primary inquiries: I) What are the principle factors causing numerous individuals not to spare towards their retirement, contrasting people over the age of 18; and ii) Look at the contrasts between the benefits framework here in the UK and Germany, and what Germany is doing to make individuals spare more than individuals spare than in the UK. It is clear, across numerous European nations, that numerous people don't spare as much as could be expected under the circumstances, and, specifically, are not sparing satisfactory sums towards their retirement. This applies similarly for people and across numerous European nations. This issue is, be that as it may, especially set apart in the UK, with numerous people either essentially not having any annuity arrangements or not contributing enough in to their benefits plot. What's more, numerous people in the UK essentially don't spare any extent of their income, and spend so a lot, if not more, than they gain. This isn't the situation in Germany: essentially every family spares significant sums, until mature age, with just families in the most minimal extents of the salary appropriation bend not sparing (Borsch-Supan and Essig, 2003). 40% of family units in Germany consistently spare a fixed sum, with a further 45% sparing, yet not fixed sums and not normally; 25% of Germans spare in light of a fixed investment funds target, arranging their reserve funds towards these points, with most of Germans wanting to cut family unit utilization, as opposed to contact their investment funds, if closes don't meet; without a doubt, 80% of Germans rarely go negative in their present records (Borsch-Supan and Essig, 2003). This is very unique to the example in the UK, where individual obligation is right now the most elevated it has been for a long time, and numerous people don't get ready for sparing considering unmistakable points, nor spare towards any kind of annuity plot, leaving themselves open to issues when they come to retirement age. As appeared by the OECD (2002), since 1985, the UK has reliably had a far lower family unit investment funds rate than Germany, with Germany averaging around 13.5% of expendable family salary being spared, year on year since 1985, and the UK averaging around 5.5%, year on year since 1985 (OECD, 2002). In Germany, as in the UK, there are three primary sorts of benefits: state, organization and private, with the reception of private annuities being progressively empowered, because of the maturing populace in the two areas. There are numerous reasons refered to for why individuals don't spare enough towards their retirement, for instance, the inclination that ‘I am too youthful to even consider starting putting something aside for my pension’, ‘I don’t acquire enough to have the option to put something aside for a pension’ or ‘I will get a state benefits, so don’t need to worry’. These reasons are invalid, in the event that they are concentrated further, as it is progressively turning into the duty of the person to accommodate their retirement, thus putting something aside for a benefits ought to be a fundamental cost; the sooner the individual begins to spare, clearly, the more they will have in their annuity finance with regards to retirement age, and the more they will have the option to take as a benefits when they come to resign. It is accordingly valuable for people to put resources into their future, by sparing normally towards their retirement, however this idea doesn't appear to be as instilled in the brains of people in the UK for what it's worth in Germany. As of not long ago, 19.5% of wages from German people was for the most part put towards private benefits, with private annuity organizations in the UK taking not even close to this sum; 10-15% is a progressively ordinary normal sum taken by UK organization annuity plans (OECD, 2007). What's more, Germany has probably the most significant level of open spending on annuities in the OECD nations (11.5% of GDP, contrasted with 4.5% of GDP in the UK (Disney and Johnson, 2001)), albeit as of late Germany has expanded the retirement age over the customary 65 years for men, to 67; a comparative ascent in the period of retirement from open benefits plans has as of late happened in the UK (OECD, 2007). Commitment to private annuity plans has the vastest inclusion in Germany of any OECD nation, despite the fact that the sums added to private benefits designs in Germany are low, when contrasted with the sums German people put in to organization annuity plans (OECD, 2007). What's more, less Germa n people are changing from organization benefits plans to private annuity plots in Germany than in other OECD nations. Surely, just 39.9% of people have changed from organization to private annuity conspires in Germany, with 53.4% of people changing to â€Å"personal account† benefits in the UK (OECD, 2007). Notwithstanding the apparently high switch over from organization annuity plans to private or â€Å"personal account† benefits in the UK, the UK government gauges that around 7 million people are not sparing enough for their retirement, under any plan, and that an extra 10 million people don't put something aside for their retirement by means of their organization annuity conspire, which incorporates a business commitment of at least 3%. What are the purposes behind these distinctions, and what are the fundamental elements causing numerous individuals not to spare towards their retirement? What's happening with Germany, for instance, that urges a larger number of individuals to spare than in the UK? The UK, customarily, has more elevated levels of individual obligation than Germany, with people from the two districts having totally different perspectives towards spending and sparing, and where they decide to contribute their reserve funds. Also, people who do spare in the UK tend to ‘dip into’ their investment funds to purchase extravagance things, while German savers will in general disregard their reserve funds, and to purchase extravagance things, just when they can stand to do as such, when they have spared, explicitly, for that thing. Given the maturing populace, and the way that insufficient individuals are putting something aside for their retirement, the UK is as of now attempting to build sparin g towards benefits, especially, with different assessment motivating forces, through private annuity tax collection plans and ISAs, for instance, and the recently presented benefits credit plans. All in all, in this way, there is by all accounts an extremely careless mentality towards sparing, when all is said in done, in the UK, with putting something aside for retirement being especially disregarded; Germany, then again, with its convention of low close to home obligation, and high family reserve funds, has a high inclusion of people sparing towards their retirement, generally through organization, or, progressively, private benefits plans. References Borsch-Supan, A. what's more, Essig, L. (2003). Family unit sparing in Germany: aftereffects of the primary SAVE study. National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper 9902. Accessible from http://www.nber.org/papers/w9902 [Accessed 28th October 2008]. Disney, D. what's more, Johnson, M. (2001). Benefits frameworks and retirement wages across OECD nations. Edward Elgar. OECD (2002). Family investment funds rates by nation from 1985 through 2004 gauge. OECD Economic Outlook. OECD (2007). Benefits initially †open arrangements across OECD nations 2007 Edition. Accessible from http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/15/42/38728511.pdf [Accessed on 28th October 2008].

Thursday, July 23, 2020

When Sexting Becomes Addictive

When Sexting Becomes Addictive Addiction Addictive Behaviors Internet Print When Sexting Turns Into an Addiction By Elizabeth Hartney, BSc., MSc., MA, PhD Elizabeth Hartney, BSc, MSc, MA, PhD is a psychologist, professor, and Director of the Centre for Health Leadership and Research at Royal Roads University, Canada. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Hartney, BSc., MSc., MA, PhD Updated on January 19, 2020 Hero Images / Getty Images More in Addiction Addictive Behaviors Internet Caffeine Shopping Sex Alcohol Use Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Sexting or  the act of sending sexually explicit material through text messages, often via mobile phones can be an addiction that destroys lives in much the same way other addictions do.?? Sexting  can include sexually explicit text messages, or they can include sexually explicit photographs, images, or videos. Sexting Trouble Areas Sexting is typically carried out deliberately, with people sending sexts about themselves. But sometimes, sext messages that contain sexually explicit material about someone else can be sent, in some cases when the subject of the sexts has not given consent. Sexts can also be sent to someone who does not wish to receive sexually explicit material. Because sexting is a recent phenomenon, it has not yet been adequately researched, and proper limits to sexting have not yet been worked out. However, many people have found themselves in trouble over sexually explicit sexts. One of the worst-case scenarios is when teenagers sext sexually explicit pictures of themselves and are subsequently accused of distribution of child pornography. Sex Addiction and Sexting Sexting can be a symptom or manifestation of sexual addiction, which is an illness like other addictions and causes destructive consequences.  For some, sexting is the primary behavior involved in sexual addiction.  For others, an all-consuming interest in pornography, sexual encounters with sex workers, pathological infidelity, or cybersex relationships can be the main focus of the addiction.   Sexual addiction is related to obsessive and compulsive thoughts and actions, and the inability to control behavior, even when the addiction is destroying family relationships, self-esteem, a career, and even finances.?? Similar to other addictions, sexual addiction is progressive in nature. This means that the person who suffers from sexual addiction will spend more and more time and energy engaging in the specific behaviors related to their addiction. In addition, sex addicts often seek more intense experiences as the addiction progresses in order to achieve the same high they once got from more benign activities. Who Is at Risk? With mobile devices making sexting constantly available, sexting addiction has become more widespread. In fact, some estimates suggest that online porn addiction and sexting comprise the most common subtype of internet addiction.?? However, certain people are more likely than others to develop a problem with sexting. These include people who suffer from low self-esteem, a distorted body image, untreated sexual dysfunction, or another type of sexual addiction.?? Treatment Treating a sexting addiction often requires support from professionals,?? and can be particularly complicated because refraining from the use of a mobile phone is not practical in todays environment. With that temptation always in hand, sext addicts must vigilant about relapsing. Because sexting and pornography addiction are becoming more and more common, many new inpatient and outpatient centers focusing on treating these disorders have become available in all parts of the world. In addition, a self-help support group program such as Sex Addicts Anonymous can be helpful in achieving and maintaining recovery.

Friday, May 22, 2020

Gun Control Laws Will Increase Crime Essay - 2978 Words

America has always prided itself on being the land of the free. Our national Constitution and Bill of Rights have ensured that the people of America maintain their basic rights. Nevertheless, many of the rights guaranteed in these historic documents are often the subject of heated debate. The right to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures under the Fourth Amendment, the Fifth Amendment’s guarantee against self-incrimination, the First Amendment’s protection of speech and petitioning activity, all of these issues have been subject to contentious arguments in courts of law and the courts of public opinion. Of late, however, the most lengthy, argumentative and noisy debates have focused on gun control. Some people think that†¦show more content†¦Some Americans feel that because guns are already regulated in so many other countries, America should just follow suit, while others believe guns both represent and help guarantee our independence, our liberty, and our freedom to make our own decisions. The founding fathers anticipated that gun control could become a serious issue in the future, so they added the Second Amendment to the Constitution. The Second Amendment states: â€Å"A well-regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed.â€Å" Most gun control activists focus in isolation on the beginning of the amendment where the founders wrote that a well-regulated militia is necessary to the security of a free state. They then try to argue that only the military or the National Guard should have access to guns, not individuals. In so arguing, however, they completely ignore the last part of the Second Amendment, which provides that the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. The founders obviously envisioned that the people would keep and use firearms to protect themselves and their country. Unfortunately many politicia ns don’t see it that way. Yet, the Supreme Court has struck down firearm bans again and again. The 2008 Supreme Court case, District of Columbia vs. Heller,Show MoreRelatedGun Control Laws Do Not Reduce Gun Violence779 Words   |  4 Pages Gun control laws Introduction: I believe that gun control laws will actually increase robberies, murders, and other crime. Think of it like this ok, you and your kids are sleeping in your beds. Then you hear your front door being kicked in. You see people walking around your house stealing your tv’s, your kids game systems, computers, and jewelry. You begin to go for the phone and call 911, but they see you and they start to run at you and your kids with a knife. Would you rather have a gun orRead MoreGuns Dont Kill People, Criminals Kill People Essay1476 Words   |  6 Pages In America, gun control has been a source of debate for decades. Recently, an increase in the frequency of mass shootings has caused the country to become extremely polarized in relation to the issue. America is often described as having a gun culture as a result of firearms being engrained in its history and perhaps, consequently, has among the highest rates of gun-related crime as well as gun ownership rates, among developed nations. There exists an abundance of scholarly work done in an effortRead MoreArgument Paper On Gun Control1354 Words   |  6 PagesPosition Paper on Gun Control While Americans were contemplating gun control proposals in the wake of mass shootings at a Colorado School, another gunman massacred 50 people in a club in Orlando. This incident brought heated political exchanges between President Obama and Trump, the Republican presidential candidate. It is estimated that in 2015 alone, there were more than 351 mass shootings in the United States. This is a worrying trend that should be reversed as soon as possible. SurprisinglyRead MoreGun Control : What Is It Really Controlling?1068 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish p. 5 15 November 2014 Gun Control: What is it really controlling? Guns are used 80 times more often to protect a life than to take one. According to statistics by the FBI, nearly twice as many people are killed by hands and fists each year than are killed by murderers who used rifles. Our laws claim to regulate the manufacture, sale, transfer, possession, or use of firearms, but what they can t control is the people themselves. This not only relates to gun owners but every citizen in theRead MoreControversial Gun Control Laws882 Words   |  4 PagesGun control is one of the oldest laws dating back to the early 1800’s. It was approved in the southern part of the United States. During this period, the Georgia administration banned handguns, but the Supreme Court cancelled the law after some time due to the second amendment. The second amendment of the United States which says â€Å"A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed.† has secu red certain gunRead MoreGun Control Laws Limit Violent Crime1385 Words   |  6 Pagescorrelation between strict gun control measures and reducing violent crime rates in US states. It is time to ensure that our Constitution is upheld to protect the ideals of American democracy. The proposal of restricting US citizens from purchasing firearms is invalid because they are protected to do so under the Constitution, strict government regulations on other harmful products have not been effective in the past, and the idea that gun control laws limit violent crime is a misconception. As AmericansRead MoreGun Control And Its Effect On Acquiring Firearms1623 Words   |  7 Pagesindividuals in NSW, therefore leading to an increase in guns, cause a reduction in crime? Gun control and restrictions on acquiring firearms has been a topic that has been disputed heavily in NSW since the 1980s. Similar to various other nations, Australia has seen a number of high profile shootings, resulting in a tightening of gun control laws. One may believe by instinct that relaxing current restrictions on acquiring firearms would lead to more crime, as more guns are readily available. This paper willRead MoreNo Guns More Crime : Gun Control Laws And Regulations Across The United States1486 Words   |  6 PagesNo Guns More Crime A growing number of states in the US have passed stricter gun policies for citizens to own bare arms. The almighty goal is to have all the guns taken away from gun owners and future gun owners. The policies have adjusted citizens to go through a process just to obtain a gun license or permit. For example, rigorous background checks and sponsorship from law enforcement. This process contradicts the 2nd Amendment from the U.S Constitution. Every American has the constitutionalRead MoreThe National Crime Victimization Survey1355 Words   |  6 Pagesman pointed a gun at the boy, the boy shot the man. Who knows what could have happened if this boy didn’t have a gun. Him and all three of his young siblings could have been shot and killed. Guns save lives, and in a nation that already has more than 200 million guns, gun control does little other than make the work of rapists, robbers, murderers and psychos easier. When faced with gun control laws, the law abiding citizen has no choice other than to disarm or become an outlaw, but people with badRead MoreGuns Owned Are Dependant On The Level Of Education1322 Words   |  6 Pagesnumbers of guns owned are dependant on the level of education of the person. This study being led by Boston University examined the claim by National Riffle Association that there is a robust correlation between the number of guns owned and an individual’s level of education. The study showed that the most educated households have the most number of people owning a gun. This factor was related to the fact that these households are the ones that hold white collar jobs hence the need to own a gun due to

Thursday, May 7, 2020

The Passage Of The 16th Amendment Essay - 2036 Words

After the passage of the 16th Amendment, the nature and process of taxation changed many times. An author for the Virginia Law Review wrote in 1972, â€Å"Developing and maintaining an appropriate tax structure for a nation as economically complex and dynamic as the United States is a mammoth task† (Graetz, p. 1401). Because of this complexity, the nature of the Tax Code would need to be altered to keep up with what the country requires at a given time. Several significant changes have been made to the Tax Code, but none more significant than the passage of the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (TRA 86). TRA 86 was one of the most polarizing changes in tax law and where the current Code gets its name (Spilker et all., 2016, p. 2-11). It brought about more revisions than most people and businesses could keep up with, and it brought to light the deficiencies in implementing amendments to the Code, namely a disturbing lack of awareness from taxpayers of the alterations. Many businesses bene fited from the changes—mostly large, well-established firms, but small mom-and-pop stores who have less stake in tax planning suffered (Scholes, Wilson, Wolfson, 1992, p.181). This negative effect would have been avoided if taxpayers had taken precautions and been aware of the impending changes in tax laws and if those changes had been communicated clearly to them. This Act changed many aspects of taxation, particularly for business owners. It broadened the tax base, altered tax rates, and removed some taxShow MoreRelatedThe Progressive Era Of The 19th Century1463 Words   |  6 PagesThis distinctive period in history (spanning from the 1890s through 1920) found progressives seeking to use the American federal government as a means of change through social, political, and economic reforms. Politically, the passage of the 16th, 17th, 18th, and 19th amendments are evidence of the success of progressive reformers, despite the fact that some of the new laws failed to create desired social changes. The efforts of the progressives were mainly effective when it came to social reformsRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1230 Words   |  5 Pagesolder he studied law without a teacher. Abraham Lincoln became a lawyer. He was interested in politics. So people said that he should run for public office he ran for Senate, Congress then the most import ant one of all, President. Abraham Lincoln the 16th president. Abraham Lincoln had to do a lot while he was president he had to help with the civil war during the civil war he gave a speech called the Gettysburg Address. After the rebels won the war Abraham Lincoln had to help make the 13 colonies uniteRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Lincoln 962 Words   |  4 Pagesevents as the passage of the 13th Amendment finishing slavery, the capitulation of the Confederacy, and his murder. In addition to this, film clearly showed the particular important details of politics. Accordingly, after all, this story is a movie, a drama, but not a typical documentary film, because it has a historical analysis of two completely different and the most important events in the United States history – an ultimate end of the Civil War and the passage of the 13th Amendment. As a matterRead MoreThe United States Of America Hit An All Time Low During The Roaring 20 s With The Presence Of954 Words   |  4 PagesCinevert 1 Outline The United States Of America hit an all-time low during the Roaring 20’s with the presence of prohibition and organized crime. I. The Jazz Age Jazz Music Dance Appliances II. The New Women KKK Flappers 19th Amendment III. Mass Culture More Spending Money .First Radio Affordable Consumer Product ( Automobile) Read MoreHuman Trafficking Is Not A Choice1132 Words   |  5 Pagesiii. There are more people involved in slavery today than at the height of the Transatlantic Slave Trade during the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries. c. Crime against humanity – stripped of their individual freedoms and identities d. Human beings are considered a commodity, and human trafficking is the business. e. Treatment of slaves - no less brutal or degrading today; These individuals are being exploited with the sole intent of being sold to increase one’s economic status; used and reused, abusedRead MoreAnnotation1248 Words   |  5 PagesHoda Mokarian Rebecca Yamano English 101 November 16th, 2011 Critical Annotated Webliography Research Questions: What kinds of school reform strategies have been suggested historically? ANNOTATION #1 Source Information: Goodman, Paul. Compulsory Miseducation. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1971. Paul Goodman suggests that in order to counter the strict, lockstep tendencies of American educational institutions, that universities as well as secondary schools devise strategies to encourageRead MoreEssay on United States Government and Federalism1473 Words   |  6 Pagesnational standards during this period, it did little to enforce compliance on the state level. For example, little was done to enforce the implementation of the 15th amendment at the state level. This period also ushered in an increase in the economic power of the federal government. With the legalization of the income tax with the 16th amendment in 1913, the US government saw a large rise in revenue. This allowed the national government to firmly establish itself as dominant economic force over the statesRead MoreEssay The American Civil War: Abraham Lincoln754 Words   |  4 Pageshe began his term the following year. After his term was over, promising not to seek reelection, he moved back to Springfield in 1849. However, certain events pushed him back towards politics. Stephen Douglas, a democrat in congress, pushed the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska act, which declared that the voters of each territory had the right to chose whether the territory should have slaves or be free, instead of the federal government choosing that. October 16, 1854, Lincoln gave a speech inRead MoreWhat Makes Elected Officials Take Other Stances On Different Types Of Bills And. Congressional Resolutions?1203 Words   |  5 Pagesrepresentative Jim Costa, and can determine how popular and favorable a he is, which can lead to particularized benefits and reelection. My member of Congress is Jim Costa, a Democratic representative from California’s sixteenth district. The 16th district is located in California’s Central Valley that includes the cities of Merced, Madera, and Fresno. The Central Valley is by far not a popular district, and has a population of roughly 714,214 people with 58.1 percent of the residents beingRead MoreUs History Research Paper930 Words   |  4 Pagesand because of the Fourteenth Amendment in 1868, it gained the explicit duty to protect individual rights. However, when white Democrats regained their power in the South in 1877, often by paramilitary suppression of voting, they passed Jim Crow laws to maintain white supremacy, and new disfranchising constitutions that prevented most African Americans and many poor whites from voting. This would continued until gains of the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s and passage of federal legislation to enforce

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Process of Problem Solving and Decision Making Free Essays

Teamwork is important to organizations in this entire world nowadays to be successful and to have control in the market. Teamwork is basically defined as problem solving group of people who have a variety of skills and strengths to obtain the most perfect solution. Teamwork is one of the main goals for organizations to make sure that they are on the right track in obtaining their visions. We will write a custom essay sample on Process of Problem Solving and Decision Making or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are many ways that organizations put their contributions in increasing the power of teamwork such as team building where it helps the employees to work in groups rather than individuals. Teamwork will help the organizations in the process of problem solving and decision making where it consists of several process that is cause analysis, creative problem solving, decision making and anticipate and plan. Firstly, find and analyse the cause to configure which errors or problems to be corrected or to be improvised. Teamwork is important in this process where it is more effective where it will save the cost and time in finding the cause to the problem. Each members of the team can concentrate in sectors where there they could possibly find the problem that they are searching. There are methods that practiced in some organizations such as the Root Cause Analysis (RCA) where it believes that the optimum solution only can be found if they discovered the root cause. By having the solution with RCA, it can also be used for identifying the immediately obvious symptoms for the future errors. After the cause of the problems have been discovered, the team can proceed to the next step that is creative problem solving. Creative problem solving is founded by Alex Osborn and Dr. Sidney J. Parnes in the 1950s where they made the process of finding and generating creative solutions to produce great ideas in solving problems. Despite that, to generate more ideas in solving the problems, teamwork is needed because generating many ideas must come from more brains and minds. Brainstorming can be practiced in this process where each of the group members in the team who have personal skills and abilities can give their own ideas and thus more ideas can be generated in solving the problem. These may help in having more alternatives to obtain an optimal solution regarding the problem faced. After the team has acquired a number of solutions, the decision making process will start where the team will now select the best alternatives in solving the problem. Decision making can be defined as an outcome of mental process which will lead to selecting the best solution among other alternatives. In order to obtain the optimal solution, the objectives must be reviewed first and the alternative chosen must be evaluated by those objectives. Moreover, a good decision making is essential for the success of the organization where they usually involve in some issues where it makes decision making difficult such as uncertainty, complexity, high risk consequences and also interpersonal issues. The last step in the process of problem solving and decision making is anticipating and plan to assure success. This is important after the alternative has been chosen because the team must further plan to make sure that the alternative goes well while facing the problem. It is a waste of time in the process of decision making when they do not plan on how to use the alternative effectively. After making plans for the alternative, the team can now anticipate the future effects of the alternative to make sure whether it is successful or not. If it does not work out, the team must fall back to the decision making process where they will choose another best alternative to be used. Last but not least, teamwork is a very useful in the process of problem solving and decision making because it helps much in saving the organization’s time and money as there will be more people can use their own point of view based on their abilities and skills in order to find the root of the problem, generating ideas in finding solutions, making decisions on the ideas and anticipate and plan the chosen ideas. Organizations should implement the mutuality among the members because it is very useful to assure their success and to work effectively although it is essential that team members acquire communication skills and use effective communication channels between one another to help in improving their interaction between one and another. How to cite Process of Problem Solving and Decision Making, Essay examples

Monday, April 27, 2020

Why is J.J. Watt so popular Essays - J. J. Watt, Watt, JJ

Mr. Hooker English 1301-3G1 4 November 2014 Why is J.J. Watt so popular? No dream is too big if you have the right attitude and work ethic. J.J. Watt. These are great words spoken by an even greater man. Even if one knows nothing about football, teams, or players, there is no questioning his or her knowledge of who J.J. Watt is. From his charitable work off the field, to his record breaking statistics, to his many endorsement deals, one cannot deny why J.J. Watt is admired by so many. It is a well-known fact that being an NFL player and being popular go hand in hand. One of the many things that separates J.J. Watt from the rest of the players is his contributions to children in need. His vast array of charity work includes helping children who have been bullied, children who have lost their parents, as well as local pee-wee football teams. What makes his actions unique is that J.J. Watt does not perform these kind gestures for the attention, but because he genuinely cares for the children. Even after the cameras have left and the media have gotten their story, he still continues to be a part of the childrens everyday life. J.J. Watt has gained a loyal fan base for his commitment to use his popularity to help others and not to promote himself. There is no better role model for children than to see a dedicated player like J.J. Watt and all he has accomplished in his short amount of time in the NFL. As a defensive end for the Houston Texans, J.J. Watt has a long list of awards and honors. Some of them include holding the record for most quarterback hits and being named the AFC Defensive Player of the Year in 2012. With all of the recognition, J.J. Watt still remains grounded and humble. Watt has openly stated that partying, dating, and a social life all take a backseat to football. His sole focus is becoming the best defensive end in the NFL. With his achievements thus far, his popularity will only grow more as he thrives professionally. Even with the success a player has on and off the field, an endorsement deal solidifies ones popularity, not only through the eyes of the sports world, but to the general public. With the clean-cut image of J.J. Watt, a company recognizes the profitable impact of having him endorse its product. J.J. Watt has many endorsement deals in the making and one currently with H.E.B. Grocery. Watt has already helped boost H.E.B. sales with funny commercials, life-sized posters, and his overall down-to-earth persona. H.E.B. along with the other companies can use J.J. Watts popularity for their financial gain. J.J. Watts popularity is a combination of his charitable work, likeable attitude and last but not least, his incredible play on the field. A football player such as J.J. Watt will continue to grow in popularity with all of his accomplishments, both individually and professionally.

Thursday, March 19, 2020

Free Essays on Chess And Computer

Chess is a very versatile game that can be related to or compared with many other things. Such as philosophy, war, film, etc. But the topic that I have chosen to research on is â€Å"chess and computers†. Since the birth of the technology i.e. Computer, chess players are being compared to artificial intelligence. Researchers are trying to find out who can play better chess. Humans or Artificial Intelligence. At present computers can only use the intelligence that is load in it. But it can have many more moves than human chess player can think. Such as computer chess program â€Å"Deep Blue†, which has beaten few chess grand masters. However, when computer plays chess, it does not think about the move it makes but performs a series of calculations to make the right move. This all based on the positions of the pieces on the board. Human chess players use their skills, judgment and previous experiences to decide about the moves they are going to make. Many chess computers can play at high levels due to fast calculations, but at this speed the computer has an advantage over human chess player because human brain cannot perform calculations at the speed a computer can. Despite this all, a human chess player can also have the advantage of thought and the abilities, which he had gained from his previous experience. If a human chess player made some unusual chess moves, which computer cannot predict because all computer intelligence is based on algorithms and any unusual move can throw computer off guard and that gives the human chess player advantage over the computer in the chess game. So the question here is, â€Å"Is the artificial intelligence is at level of human intelligence or not?† According to Boden, â€Å"The human brain is the most complex part of the human body if not the most complex subject known to human kind. Although a computer may work on a complicated series of circuits and processors it is a relatively simple item to ... Free Essays on Chess And Computer Free Essays on Chess And Computer Chess is a very versatile game that can be related to or compared with many other things. Such as philosophy, war, film, etc. But the topic that I have chosen to research on is â€Å"chess and computers†. Since the birth of the technology i.e. Computer, chess players are being compared to artificial intelligence. Researchers are trying to find out who can play better chess. Humans or Artificial Intelligence. At present computers can only use the intelligence that is load in it. But it can have many more moves than human chess player can think. Such as computer chess program â€Å"Deep Blue†, which has beaten few chess grand masters. However, when computer plays chess, it does not think about the move it makes but performs a series of calculations to make the right move. This all based on the positions of the pieces on the board. Human chess players use their skills, judgment and previous experiences to decide about the moves they are going to make. Many chess computers can play at high levels due to fast calculations, but at this speed the computer has an advantage over human chess player because human brain cannot perform calculations at the speed a computer can. Despite this all, a human chess player can also have the advantage of thought and the abilities, which he had gained from his previous experience. If a human chess player made some unusual chess moves, which computer cannot predict because all computer intelligence is based on algorithms and any unusual move can throw computer off guard and that gives the human chess player advantage over the computer in the chess game. So the question here is, â€Å"Is the artificial intelligence is at level of human intelligence or not?† According to Boden, â€Å"The human brain is the most complex part of the human body if not the most complex subject known to human kind. Although a computer may work on a complicated series of circuits and processors it is a relatively simple item to ...

Tuesday, March 3, 2020

Nature Study Themes for Spring

Nature Study Themes for Spring When spring fever hits and youre ready to get outside because youve been suffering from cabin fever for months, do it! Let nature guide your homeschool with these awesome nature study themes for spring. Birds Spring is a fascinating time to take up bird-watching and it doesn’t take much to attract birds to your yard. If you provide them with what they’re searching for, they will find you. Make sure your yard offers: FoodWaterShelter An optional bonus is to provide nest-making material. Food can be offered in store-bought bird feeders or you can make a simple homemade bird feeder out of an orange, a bagel, a plastic bottle, or a pine cone. A bird bath provides water for drinking and preening. We used a shallow dish and a pedestal intended for a potted plant to create a simple, economical homemade bird bath. Give your feathered visitors a sense of safety by placing feeders and bird baths near bushes and trees to provide a quick getaway in the event that a predator shows up. Once you attract birds to your yard, you’re ready to observe them. Get a simple field guide to help you identify the birds that visit. Keep a nature journal of your visitors and learn more about each. What do they like to eat? What is the appearance of both the male and female? Where do they lay their eggs and how many do they lay? You may get lucky and have a pair of birds lay their eggs where you can observe them, too. Butterflies Butterflies are one of my favorite springtime nature study themes. If you plan ahead, you can try raising them from the larval stage in order to observe the life cycle of butterflies. Otherwise, take steps to attract butterflies to your yard and start your observations there or take a field trip to a butterfly house. If you’re excited to observe both birds and butterflies in your yard, consider setting up separate areas for attracting and observing each. If you don’t, things might not end well for the caterpillars and butterflies that you’re hoping to enjoy. As with birds, a field guide and nature journal come in handy. Consider the following suggestions in order to make the most of your butterfly study: Discuss with your children the differences between butterflies and moths.Check out books about butterflies. One of our family’s favorites for young children is Are You a Butterfly? by Judy Allen and Tudor Humphries.Do a butterfly life cycle craft. Bees Bees are another springtime favorite for me. With plants  in bloom and pollen high, spring is an ideal time to watch bees going about their work. Help your children understand the vital role that honey bees play in the pollination process. Learn the role of each bee in the colony. As you see bees going about their work, try to take a peek at them. Are they covered in pollen? Can you see their pollen sacks? Try to arrange a trip to see a beehive in action and speak to the beekeeper about what he does. It’s fascinating to watch the bees go about their work in their hive if you have an opportunity to observe one. Learn how bees make honey and sample some. Once you’re home, try some bee-themed worksheets or bee crafts, just for fun. Flowers and Trees The new life on all the trees and plants makes spring an ideal time to begin a nature study of those in your area. We have several evergreen trees in our yard and even they are sporting new growth that novice observers like my own family can easily spot. Try the following activities this spring: Learn the difference between a conifer and deciduous, annual and perennial. Find examples of each and sketch them in your nature journal.Learn the parts of a flower. Add sketches of the examples you find in your nature journal.Choose a particular tree or flower to observe throughout the season. Sketch it each time you observe it and note the changes you see.Check out books from your library to learn more about trees. We really like Crinkleroot’s Guide to Knowing the Trees by Jim Arnosky  for younger kids. (He has a title about birds, too.) If the trees and plants in your backyard are limited, try a park or nature center. Pond Life Ponds are teeming with life in the spring and make a wonderful spot to study nature. If you have easy access to a pond, you can: Look for frog eggs and/or tadpoles. You may also be able to purchase them from a fish store to observe at home in a fish tank until they’re ready for release. Just be sure you know how to care for them and provide a rock for the young frogs to climb on as they begin to transition from tadpole to frog.Discuss the differences between frogs and toads with your kids. (And read some Frog and Toad books. Theyre family favorites!)Observe baby ducks and geese.Observe and identify the plant life around the pond.Look for signs of life in the mud surrounding the pond. Do you see any animal tracks? Pull our your field guide and try to identify them or take photos so you can try to identify the tracks once you’re back home.Observe the insect life. After a winter of being cooped up inside, you’re probably as anxious to get outside as your kids are. Take advantage of the moderate temperatures and budding life of spring to get out and immerse yourself in nature study!

Saturday, February 15, 2020

The Normal Distribution and Probability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Normal Distribution and Probability - Essay Example Given that the median helps to do away with influences associated with too much of one or two scores on the extremes of any given distribution, it thus emerges as the measure of choice in variability. Assignment 2 Sales 500 salespeople of a company are mostly normally distributed forming a bell symmetrical shape. Whereby sales from those who record high sales appear on the right side while those with low sales coming on the left side and with a majority of sales appearing on the middle part of the distribution, translating to an average of sales on either side of the curve accounting for the mean sales. This would make it resourceful to come up with a working model to be used to work out a budget as well as predicting performance of the company. A company would predict the effect-increase in sales revenue- of increasing the number stores and salespeople. This distribution also helps to not only identify those sales people who need extra training but also it helps to identify those wh o need to be replaced. It is worth to consider the size of the sample in question, with a large sample like that of the 500 sales people proving to be more representative compared to a sample of about 100 people. It is therefore relevant statistically to estimate that adding one more sales person is worth for instance $25,000 increase in revenue. Clearly from the study sales people and their respective sales are the main variables which are measured in ratio scale since there are those sales people who have nil sales. On using a continuous scale, sales are normally distributed with most of sales in middle range and the entire sales data being within the range 40% of the average sale. A probability value of 0.05 implies 5% of the sales people will sell an amount different from expected sales value and while the remaining 95 % are expected to sell at an amount within the expected amount. This concept is therefore used to represent monthly countable sales. Assignment 3 Organizations re sort to using means such as incentives and bonuses so as to increase the productivity of their employees. In order prove that financial incentives have always boosted the productivity of employees, I will evaluate the hypothesis that a $ 1,000 incentive offered to employees is sufficient to make them finish a project before the expected time. In this study size of incentive and level of productivity are the independent and dependent variables respectively. Assuming the population sample n=30 would be chosen randomly from the employees allocated to new projects. Hypothesis testing is an analysis of a given research, with a null hypothesis indicating a zero change as a result of the $ 1000 incentive represented by  µ. On the other hand a change as a result of the $ 1000 incentive indicates the alternative hypothesis. In order to determine critical boundaries and identify chances of Type 1error, it's important to select an alpha level. Selecting a .01 alpha level provides a low risk error and avoids overstretching the critical area since this level enhances a balance between the functions which offers a base to reject or accept the proposed effect of the incentive. A one-tailed test is utilized when hypothesis about a particular directional rather than general. Results obtained from one -tailed test are of significance

Sunday, February 2, 2020

International businesse in emerging market Assignment - 1

International businesse in emerging market - Assignment Example The emerging market accelerated growth of its international business, which were up 4% LFL. In June 2014, the company planned to invest $20 billion in a gas-fired power complex in Vietnam. In its planning, the company recognized the need to create a partnership with a host well-known company in Vietnam in an attempt to sell its products in this emerging market. It, therefore, collaborated with Vietnam’s state-owned petrol Vietnam. It erected two power plants with a capacity to produce between 6000 and 6500 megawatts of power. In this perspective, the company focuses on capturing the gas and oil market in Vietnam through provision of cheaper prices and diversified oil and gas brands (Regester & Larkin, 2014). It proposed to position its operation in 700 locations and several retail operations. In addition, the strategy aims to present its brands closer to consumers and therefore making its brand most accessible products in Vietnam. Vietnam is one of the top five developing nations in Asia. It has a robust middle class, a crucial driver of economic expansion in a developing country. It is valid to argue that middle class mainly supports the policy change significantly to the success of the country and in supporting capitalist democracy. The country has the fastest-growing middle class in the whole Southeast Asia and is expected to double in size from 12 million (2014) to 32 million by 2020. Generally, Exxon Mobil was experiencing various impending challenges in Vietnam such as complex foreign investment laws, corruption in infrastructure projects, lack of comprehensive and transparent legal system and restricted land usage rights (Plunkett, 2014). However, Vietnam is currently undergoing trade liberalization through negotiations toward a free agreement with the European Union (Van Dyke, et al., 2014). The negotiation presents viable market to Exxon Mobil since its

Saturday, January 25, 2020

Australian People :: essays research papers

Australian People   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The population of Australia is 18,438,824.The Birth Rate is 13.73, per 1000 people. The death rate is 6.89 per 1000 people. Those two were per year on average. The migration rate is 2.71 immigrants per 1000 people. The Life expectancy is higher than the US at 79.64. (Male 76.69, Female 82.74) There are three major ethnic groups in Australia. The Caucasian makes up 95%, the Asians make up 4%, and the Aboriginal make up 1%.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The official language of Australia is English. It is spoken by more than 99% of the population. The languages come from Europe and Oceania. (Australia, New Zealand etc.) There are several Aboriginal dialects spoken throughout the country. The writing system is Arabic. The Australians often use mate as a way to address others.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are three major religions in Australia. Anglican makes up 26.1 % of the population. Roman Catholic makes up 26% and other Christian religions make up 24.3% of the population. Burial services are very similar to the ones practiced by Americans in the US. The Aboriginal buries their dead and marks the burial grounds to symbolize the sky world in which they will be reincarnated.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Average Australian family consists of three members. The Father is the dominant member. There are some extended families of grandparents. Some Aboriginal now live in cities although most still live in the Outback in small rural communities. Aboriginal families are generally large. The children often work for the parents in the fields or around the dwelling. Families that live in urban areas usually have a higher income rate. They usually live in houses. Marriage is your choice, like in the US. Divorce is allowed by legal agreement and Polygamy is outlawed. Australian People :: essays research papers Australian People   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The population of Australia is 18,438,824.The Birth Rate is 13.73, per 1000 people. The death rate is 6.89 per 1000 people. Those two were per year on average. The migration rate is 2.71 immigrants per 1000 people. The Life expectancy is higher than the US at 79.64. (Male 76.69, Female 82.74) There are three major ethnic groups in Australia. The Caucasian makes up 95%, the Asians make up 4%, and the Aboriginal make up 1%.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The official language of Australia is English. It is spoken by more than 99% of the population. The languages come from Europe and Oceania. (Australia, New Zealand etc.) There are several Aboriginal dialects spoken throughout the country. The writing system is Arabic. The Australians often use mate as a way to address others.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are three major religions in Australia. Anglican makes up 26.1 % of the population. Roman Catholic makes up 26% and other Christian religions make up 24.3% of the population. Burial services are very similar to the ones practiced by Americans in the US. The Aboriginal buries their dead and marks the burial grounds to symbolize the sky world in which they will be reincarnated.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Average Australian family consists of three members. The Father is the dominant member. There are some extended families of grandparents. Some Aboriginal now live in cities although most still live in the Outback in small rural communities. Aboriginal families are generally large. The children often work for the parents in the fields or around the dwelling. Families that live in urban areas usually have a higher income rate. They usually live in houses. Marriage is your choice, like in the US. Divorce is allowed by legal agreement and Polygamy is outlawed.

Friday, January 17, 2020

The Scramble for Africa

What were the major historical factors explaining ‘the scramble for Africa’? The scramble for Africa has aptly been described as the golden period of European expansionism in the 19th century. It was an age in which the continents of Africa, Asia and Middle Eastern states were brought under the control of European powers following the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885. Eric Hobsbawm, one of the leading authorities on European imperialism, described the period as â€Å"the Age of Empire not only because it developed a new kind of imperialism, but also a much more old-fashioned reason†¦Ã¢â‚¬  referred to here as the age of â€Å"emperors† (1987: 56). It was essentially a period in which a handful of European powers (Great Britain, France, Portugal, Belgium, Netherlands, Italy, Japan, Germany etc), having emerged economically strong following rapid industrialisation, set out to pursue radical national interests overseas. The scramble for Africa began at a time when the benefit of industrial revolution gave rise to unprecedented expansion in the production of goods and services, which needed to be exported to outlandish markets. For, the partition and the haggling that went it did not come out of the blue. It was orchestrated by a combination of factors and conditions under which European powers faced in their metropolitan countries at the time. Having lost their North and South American colonies, Australasia and the Pacific rim interests at the turn of the century, the European powers turned their searchlight to Africa, Asia and the Middle East for new markets – consolidating previously held trading posts and sea route communications and grabbing new territories along the way – hence the scramble for Africa. The partition has broadly been described as one of the most turning points in the history of the relationships between the â€Å"Haves† – industrialised European powers versus the â€Å"Have-nots† – tropical Africa and the countries of Asia and the middle East (Padmore, 1972: 7). In his most eloquent work on the subject of partition – Africa and the World Peace (1972: 162), Padmore argues that â€Å"†¦ colonial policy is the offspring of industrial policy for rich States in which capital is abundant and is rapidly accumulating, in which the manufacturing system is continually growing and characterising, if not most numerous, at least the most alert and energetic part of the population that works with its hands, in which the countryside is obliged to industrialise itself, in order to maintain itself, in such States exportation is an ssential factor of public property †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Still, Jules Ferry, â€Å"who can fittingly be described as the father of French Imperialism, whilst addressing the Chamber of Deputies in 1885, summed up the need for colonies as follows: Is it not clear that the great States of modern Europe, the moment their industrial power is found, are confronted with an immense and difficult problem, which is the basis of indust rial life, the very condition of existence – the question of markets? †¦ Can we say that this colonial policy is a luxury for modern nations? Not at all †¦ this policy is for all of us, a necessity, the market itself† (p. 161). Ferry’s encapsulation of what the partition of Africa meant for the French and his fellow European powers are quite instructive here. Similarly, continental echoes of the partition policy were heard in ascending order. In the Island of Great Britain, Mr Joseph Chamberlain, â€Å"the radical mayor of Birmingham and a great advocate of liberal ideals, who later deserted the Liberals and became one of the most ardent champions of Toryism †¦Ã¢â‚¬ , accepted that â€Å"a forward policy of colonial expansion in Africa was now the order of the day†. He stated that: â€Å"it is the duty of the State to foster the trade and obtain markets for its manufactures† (p. 164). In Germany, Bismarck, who initially opposed colonial expansion, later became its advocate. Addressing the Reichstag in 1885, he declared that: â€Å"The goal of Germany’s foreign policy was to be economically independent. â€Å"Colonies†, he said, â€Å"would provide new markets for German industries, the expansion of trade, and new field for German activity, civilisation and capital †¦ Consider what it would mean if part of the cotton and coffee which we must export could be grown in German territory overseas. Would that not bring an increase in national wealth†? (Padmore, pp. 164 -165), he queried. H. L. Wessseling, in his Divide and Rule: The Partition for Africa (1996: 366), whilst analysing Hobson’s classic work on Imperialism: A Study, argued that the historical interpretation of the partition was based on â€Å"imperialism as a consequence of capitalism† and therefore, â€Å"primarily a struggle for profitable markets of investment†. He acknowledged the seminal work of John Gallagher and Ronald Robinson in their Africa and the Victorians – stating that it was not until the 1960s that a new approach began to be adopted by the leading discussants of the partition policy. He opined that aside from the economic motives upon which the partition was based, there was indeed, consideration of strategic and political motives as well, noting that early writers overlooked this fact. He summed up the views of the British political establishment thus: â€Å"The British policy makers were not so much concerned with Africa itself as with safeguarding British interests in Asia; the motive behind late Victorian strategy in Africa was to protect the all important stakes in India and the East† (p. 366). This view becomes clearer when juxtaposed with Hargreaves’ Chapter 3 in Decolonisation in Africa whilst discussing the logistics of the Second World War. He stressed that â€Å"the protection of African supply route was a crucial contribution to the Middle East war†, adding that â€Å"extraordinary efforts were made to develop the African Line of Communications by which bulky supplies were moved to Congo river, across to Juba in the Southern Sudan, and thence to Egypt† (Hargreaves, 1988: 54). Surely, there was no question of the strategic and commercial importance of Africa, Asia and the Middle Eastern territories to the Allied Powers prior to, and during, the Second World War. As M. E. Chamberlain succinctly attested here: â€Å"the possession of an empire came to be regarded as a kind of badge of great power status, important for prestige, irrespective of whether it was worth while economically† (Chamberlain, 1985: p. 3). Whilst huge merit pertains in this argument, there’s no doubt as Wesseling puts it: the policy of imperialism in Africa, Asia and the Middle East â€Å"differed from country to country, from period to period, and from place to place† (Wesseling, 1996, p. 366). The argument makes it clear: â€Å"economic motives such as the protection and encouragement of trade and industry did indeed play a part †¦ so also did such financial motives as safeguarding of loans and investments, such political motives as strategic advantage, national ambition, electoral appeal, such as ideological motives as bearing the white man’s burden, and many more† (p. 366). The method used by the European powers in gaining foothold into the African territories was generally regarded as underhand. Africans and Indians, it was assumed, only began to exist at the point they were â€Å"discovered† (Liebenow, 1986: p. 4). Accordingly, â€Å"treaties of friendship negotiated †¦ with local political personages, or evidence of conversations alone, became converted in the 19th century diplomatic scramble into European deeds of ownership to the land, the people, and all their resources† (p. 14). Following the inordinate ways used in slicing up African territories , the Berlin conference recognised Leopold’s claims over Congo, and the various spheres of British, French and German influence in the East, West and South Africa respectively. The period following the conference was marked by the rapid annexation of the territories involved. In order to consolidate their positions, England, France and Germany first resorted to the use of Chartered Companies (British and German East Africa Companies, the Niger Company of West Africa, and the South Africa Company), joint stock organisations with tremendous financial resources at their disposal, backed by the armed forces of their respective States. These monopoly concerns were the ones which laid the basis of government in the territories which were later officially declared as colonies and protectorates (Padmore, p. 168 – 169). Germany, although a late entry in the colonial race, acquired German East Africa (then known as Tanganyika) in 1844, South West Africa in 1885, Cameroons and Togoland in 1885 (P. 168 – 169). â€Å"By the time the process of carving up Africa was completed, England and France had emerged as the biggest shareholders of the continent†. â€Å"England acquired the colonies of Gambia, Sierra Leone, Gold Coast (now Ghana), Nigeria on the West Coast, British Somaliland, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe (then Southern Rhodesia), Swaziland and Basutoland, and the Union of South Africa. France, on the other hand, got most North Africa countries of Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco. On the West Coast of Africa, it secured Senegal and its hinterland, forming Equatorial Africa and the Congo, Dahomey, Ivory Coast and the large Island of Madagascar. After the World War, the German West and East African colonies were later divided between the British Empire and France following the Paris conference† (p. 169), using the League of Nations to consolidate their booties. Portugal, one of the oldest colonial Powers in the world got Angola and Guinea on the West Coast, Mozambique on the East, and the cocoa island of Sao Tome and Principe in the Gulf of Guinea† (p. 169). â€Å"Italy, having met military disaster in her early imperialist attempt at Abyssinia in 1896, as well as diplomatic defeat by France over Tunisia, acquired Tripoli in the north, Eritrea on the East Coast and Italian Somaliland on the Indian Ocean† (p. 169). It has commonly been argued that the ap proach used by the European powers in running their territories exacerbated local anger against colonial rule. Many ethnic groups with little in common were lumped together, thus creating confusion and rivalries, making the present day African countries extremely difficult to govern. Whilst Britain employed a mixture of direct (India) and indirect rule (Africa and others), using recognised local people to govern – the French and others tended to adopt a more direct approach. For example, the French and the Portuguese believed in the policy of integration or assimilation. This policy extended French citizenship to trained Africans whilst providing a token of autonomy to local representatives who, subsequently, were co-opted into French Parliament. While Africa provided the best example for studying the development and expansion of European Imperialisms in their quest for markets, sources of raw materials and spheres for investing capital, this overseas projection of European capitalism was not confined to the Dark Continent. Indeed, scramble incursions were made into Asia and other parts of New World. The chief amongst these was India, often referred to as the â€Å"Jewel in the Crown† because â€Å"it differed from all other colonies of occupation in its vastly greater size and population, reaching 200 millions in 1860s† (Fieldhouse, 1965/6: 271). According to Fieldhouse, â€Å"India provided Britain with political and military power†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ therefore, â€Å"its resources were harnessed to support a great military empire before the British arrived† (Fieldhouse: p. 271). In summing up, therefore, it has to be argued that the â€Å"European domination of Africa, Asia and the Middle East has been one of the most significant phenomena of the 19th century period called â€Å"the modern age† (Liebenow, 1986: 13). The technological superiority of the European powers and the age of industrial revolution led the West in believing that they were destined, as a matter of right, to govern people elsewhere on the globe. Regrettably, colonisation was â€Å"unable to shape African economic, social and political conditions to more than a very limited extent† (Wesseling, 1996: 372). â€Å"In economic or social respects, colonisation brought nothing essentially new †¦ but only led to the acceleration of social and economic process of modernisation† (p. 372). This led to the integration of Africa and the rest of the New World into the capitalist economy. If we have to look for any tangible benefit of colonialism, this has to be seen in the context of the multiplicity of states that sprung up in Africa with concomitant ethnic conflicts and political instabilities. The false notion of sovereignties accorded to African states and recognised by the United Nations, clearly shows that majority of these states are weak and unable to clear democratic legitimacies in their various territories.

Thursday, January 9, 2020

Beethovens 5th Symphony - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 674 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/10/30 Category People Essay Level High school Tags: Ludwig van Beethoven Essay Did you like this example? Beethovens 5th Symphony is a piece with lots of elements with numerous movements. I have to say my first emotion was a deep shock of anxiety and fantasies. I realized after listening over and over and over again that the intro note is what was played in almost all the piece but in different movement or variation. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Beethovens 5th Symphony" essay for you Create order The opening da-da-da-dum was quite fascinating and just made my adrenaline rush like alas!!! I am stunned by that sound and just suddenly, it descends into a decrescendo through some soft strings that softly or gently surfaced after the strong motif. This is a substantial contrast for a few reasons: One being a dynamic contrast to the forte V-theme. The second being a rhythmic contrast. The rhythmic difference between the V-theme which opens with the whole orchestra playing such a simple rhythm to then the response by the individual sections as the play a complex series of repeating variations that descends down and down until the V-theme is again released, this time on higher notes. Its a pattern of starting simple then it becomes more and more complex until it summons the terrible V-theme. Then after the third or so time of this a clarion call of a French horn ushers in the development in the dominant key. The development starts out so tranquil. It plays a happy melody for a bit, although there is still that contentious motif from the exposition which looms underneath. When put back into the historical context for this piece it puts me in mind of the merry Aristocrats of France living their happy baroque lives perhaps attending a ball. While they are living the high life the mounting of pressure on the lower classes is starting to build up pressure until it erupts into revolution. The merry waltz the aristocrats are enjoying is interrupted by that ominous V-theme, and they are pulled out side so to speak to view the dark sorrowful state of things. Its building sadness and worry until the thematic degradation slips in before the recapitulation The degradation takes place after somewhat of the epicenter of the development. All the strings and brass joined in an intense unison on a complex rhythm, again the contrast of volume and rhythmic complexity is exploited. The thematic degradation induces a sinking feeling, as the quiet notes become ever fainter. Things become still. It is here where its as life itself is slipping away. It is as the breathing of a dying man. It becomes so still, and the pathos so pronounced. Then a fury of activity quickly escalates into the V-theme. At this moment when the V-theme sounds its almost like declaration or cry. In my mind I imagine an aristocrat holding the peasant who pulled him from the party and showed him their pain and suffering as he dies. The V-theme comes from the aristocrat as he makes angry resolution for justice. The ensuing oboe cadenza is like the personal grief of the individual. Which is only caught up and drowned in the tide of strings that leads the to second capitulation. Where unchanged the aristocrats are back at it. Again, the uneasy motifs press in on the happy themes. The unhappy themes are pressed aside into the swelling grand displays by the orchestra. As if the aristocracy is flexing its muscles. The coda is clearly the resolve and conflict. Where all the themes are brought together, and its almost like a great discourse, turned into conflict where it is resolved when the V-theme comes back in and its concluded. My overall emotional reaction to the piece is anxiety as I wasnt sure what next will happen or hear in the course of the play. It is a back and forth a cat mouse of contrast. Its not one that I will listen to when I need to rest or be calm or even study. It really triggers uncertainty in me. I felt like thrown around like I was rambling with my eyes bounded with a black cloth